Vice-Presidential Facts & Figures
Some presidential data are included for comparison. Past performance is not a predictor of future results.
April 30 was the 228th anniversary of the inauguration of John Adams as the first Vice President.*
48 men (and no women) have served as Vice-President of the United States.
44 men (and no women) have served as President of the United States.
5 Vice-Presidents were elected President in their own right without first succeeding to the office:
1796 J. Adams 1800 Jefferson 1836 Van Buren 1968 Nixon
1988 G.H.W. Bush
4 of them were sitting Vice-Presidents:
1796 J. Adams 1800 Jefferson 1836 Van Buren 1988 G.H.W. Bush
1 was a former Vice-President: 1968 Nixon
6 Vice-Presidents ran for President (in the general election) but were defeated:
1860 John C. Breckinridge 1948 Henry Wallace 1960 Richard Nixon 1968 Hubert Humphrey 1984 Walter Mondale 2000 Al Gore
4 of them were sitting Vice-Presidents: 1860 John C. Breckinridge 1960 Richard Nixon 1968 Hubert Humphrey 2000 Al Gore
2 were former Vice-Presidents: 1948 Henry Wallace
1984 Walter Mondale
9 Vice-Presidents succeeded to the Presidency:
1841 Tyler 1850 Fillmore 1865 A. Johnson 1881 Arthur 1901 T. Roosevelt 1923 Coolidge 1945 Truman 1963 L.B. Johnson 1974 Ford
6 of the 9 succeeded within nine months of taking office as V.P.:
1841 Tyler 1865 A. Johnson 1881 Arthur 1901 T.Roosevelt 1945 Truman
1974 Ford
2 of the 9 succeeded within six weeks of taking office as V.P.:
1841 Tyler (31 days: shortest Vice-Presidency)
1865 A. Johnson (42 days: second shortest Vice-Presidency)
4 of the 9 were elected President in their own right after succeeding to the Presidency:
1904 T. Roosevelt 1924 Coolidge 1948 Truman
1964 L.B. Johnson
All were from the 20th Century.
4 of the 9 didn't run as incumbents (in the general election) for another term: 1844 Tyler 1852 Fillmore 1868 A. Johnson
1884 Arthur
All were from the 19th Century.
1 of the 9 was defeated (in the general election) when he ran for another term:
1976 Ford
10 incumbent Presidents altogether (including Ford) were defeated when they ran (in the general election) for another term: 1800 J. Adams 1828 J.Q. Adams 1840 Van Buren 1888 Cleveland 1892 B. Harrison 1912 Taft 1932 Hoover 1976 Ford 1980 Carter 1992 G.H.W. Bush
1 former President was re-elected:
1892 Cleveland
3 former Presidents ran (in the general election) for another term but were defeated:
1848 Van Buren
1856 Fillmore
1912 T. Roosevelt
Details:
1848 Van Buren: Dem. ex-pres. ran on Free Soil ticket; got 10% of pop. vote, 0 electoral votes, placing 3rd
1856 Fillmore: Whig ex-pres. ran on American (Know-Nothing) & Whig tickets; got 22% of pop. vote, 8 electoral votes, placing 3rd
1912 T. Roosevelt: GOP ex-pres. ran on Progressive (Bull Moose) ticket, got 27% of pop. vote, 88 electoral votes, placing 2nd
4 (or maybe 5) incumbent Vice-Presidents were defeated when they ran (in the general election) for another term:
1840 Richard M. Johnson 1912 James S. Sherman (died the week before the incumbent Taft-Sherman ticket lost the election) 1932 Charles Curtis 1980 Walter Mondale
1992 Dan Quayle
One former Vice-President was defeated when he ran (in the general election) for another term as VP:
1900 Adlai Stevenson I (VP 1893-97)
Details:
Stevenson I was Vice-President during the second term of Grover Cleveland, the only President to serve non-consecutive terms. If Stevenson I had been re-elected in 1900 (as William Jennings Bryan's running mate), he would have become the only VP to serve non-consecutive terms.
Stevenson I was grandfather of Adlai Stevenson II, Dem. candidate for president in 1952 and 1956.
8 Vice-Presidents served less than one year:
1841 John Tyler ............ 31 days
1853 William R. King ....... 45 days
1865 Andrew Johnson ........ 42 days
1881 Chester A. Arthur ..... 199 days
1885 Thomas A. Hendricks ... 266 days
1901 Theodore Roosevelt .... 194 days
1945 Harry S. Truman ....... 82 days
1973-74 Gerald Ford ........... 246 days
OR, by length of service as Vice-President:
1841 John Tyler ............ 31 days
1865 Andrew Johnson ........ 42 days
1853 William R. King ....... 45 days
1945 Harry S. Truman ....... 82 days
1901 Theodore Roosevelt .... 194 days
1881 Chester A. Arthur ..... 199 days
1973-74 Gerald Ford ........... 246 days
1885 Thomas A. Hendricks ... 266 days
2 Presidents served less than one year:
1841 W.H. Harrison
1881 Garfield
9 Vice-Presidents have served two full terms:
1789-1797 John Adams
1817-1825 Daniel D. Tompkins 1913-1921 Thomas R. Marshall 1933-1941 John N. Garner 1953-1961 Richard M. Nixon 1981-1989 George H.W. Bush
1993-2001 Al Gore
2001-2009 Dick Cheney
2009-2017 Joe Biden
3 others were elected Vice-President twice but didn't complete their second term:
1804, 1808 George Clinton
1824, 1828 John C. Calhoun
1968, 1972 Spiro Agnew
14 Presidents have served two or more full terms:
1789-1797 Washington 1801-1809 Jefferson 1809-1817 Madison 1817-1825 Monroe 1829-1837 Jackson 1869-1877 Grant
1885-89 & '93-97 Cleveland (non-consecutive)
1913-1921 Wilson (de jure completion of second term)
1933-1945 F.D. Roosevelt
1953-1961 Eisenhower 1981-1989 Reagan
1993-2001 Clinton
2001-2009 G.W. Bush
2009-2017 Barack Obama
3 others were elected President twice but didn't complete their second term:
1860, 1864 Lincoln 1896, 1900 McKinley
1968, 1972 Nixon
2 Vice-Presidents who succeeded to the Presidency and were later elected President in their own right served nearly two full terms:
1901-1909 T. Roosevelt (7 years, 171 days)
1945-1953 Truman (7 years, 283 days)
1 President served more than two full terms:
1933-1945 F.D. Roosevelt (12 years, 39 days: longest Presidency)
Elected 1932, 1936, 1940, 1944, but didn't complete fourth term.
2 Vice-Presidents served under two Presidents:
1805-1812 George Clinton (Jefferson & Madison)
1825-1832 John C. Calhoun (J.Q. Adams & Jackson)
2 Vice-Presidents were appointed under the 25th Amendment: 1973 Gerald Ford 1974 Nelson Rockefeller
8 Presidents had two Vice-Presidents:
Jefferson (Aaron Burr & George Clinton)
Madison (George Clinton & Elbridge Gerry; both died in office)
Jackson (John C. Calhoun & Martin Van Buren) Lincoln (Hannibal Hamlin & Andrew Johnson) Grant (Schuyler Colfax & Henry Wilson) Cleveland (Thomas A. Hendricks & Adlai Stevenson) McKinley (Garret A. Hobart & Theodore Roosevelt) Nixon (Spiro Agnew & Gerald Ford)
1 President had three Vice-Presidents: F.D. Roosevelt (John N. Garner, Henry Wallace & Harry Truman)
1 President resigned:
1974 Nixon (With 2 years, 164 days, remaining in his second term, Nixon resigned to avoid impeachment.)
2 Vice-Presidents resigned:
1832 John C. Calhoun (With only 66 days remaining in his second term and the next V.P. already elected, Calhoun resigned to take a seat in the Senate.)
1973 Spiro Agnew (With 3 years, 102 days, remaining in his second term, Agnew resigned prior to conviction for tax fraud.)
8 Presidents died in office:
1841 W.H. Harrison
1850 Taylor 1865 Lincoln 1881 Garfield 1901 McKinley 1923 Harding 1945 F.D. Roosevelt
1963 Kennedy
All were in the period 1841-1963, 123 years of the 228-year history.
5 occurred in less than 61 years in 1841-1901.
3 occurred in just a few days more than 24 years in 1841-1865.
2 Presidents died within a year of taking office:
1841 W.H. Harrison (31 days: shortest Presidency)
1881 Garfield (199 days)
7 Vice-Presidents died in office:
1812 George Clinton (the only one to die in his second term) 1814 Elbridge Gerry 1853 William R. King
1875 Henry Wilson
1885 Thomas A. Hendricks 1899 Garret A. Hobart
1912 James S. Sherman
All occurred in the period 1812-1912, less than 101 years of the 228-year history.
5 occurred in less than 60 years in 1853-1912.
4 occurred in less than 37 years in 1875-1912.
From 1812 through 1912, seven Vice-Presidents died in office in 101 calendar years.
In the following 104 calendar years from 1913 through 2016, NO Vice-Presidents died in office.
2 Vice-Presidents died within a year of taking office:
1853 William R. King (45 days)
1885 Thomas A. Hendricks (266 days)
The Vice President of the United States is also the President of the Senate, but casts a vote only in the event of a tie.
John Adams, the first V.P., holds the record for the most tie-breaking votes: 29. (With fewer states back then, there were only 26 to 32 Senators, so ties were more likely.)
John C. Calhoun, the first V.P. to resign, is a close runner-up, with 28 occasions to break ties between 48 fractious Senators.
Twelve V.P.s cast no tie-breaking votes. Of these, only Joe Biden served two full terms.
Of the other eleven, only two -- Charles W. Fairbanks and Dan Quayle -- served even one full term. Fairbanks presided over 90 to 92 Senators. Quayle and Biden, like all V.P.s from Nixon on, presided over 100 Senators.
Mike Pence broke a tie on Feb. 7, 2017 -- the first ever on a cabinet nomination. Dick Cheney cast the next most recent Senate tie-breaker on March 13, 2008.
18 times the Vice-Presidency has been vacant because of Presidential or Vice-Presidential death or resignation:
1812-1813
1814-1817
1832-1833
1841-1845
1850-1853
1853-1857
1865-1869
1875-1877
1881-1885
1885-1889
1899-1901
1901-1905
1912-1913
1923-1925
1945-1949
1963-1965
1973
1974
Longest vacancy in the Vice-Presidency:
3 years, 334 days
April 4, 1841 - March 4, 1845
John Tyler's succession to George M. Dallas' inauguration
Shortest vacancy in the Vice-Presidency:
57 days
Oct. 10 - Dec. 6, 1973
Spiro Agnew's resignation to Gerald Ford's swearing-in
Shortest vacancy in the Vice-Presidency before passage of 25th Amendment:
66 days
Dec. 28, 1832 - March 4, 1833
John C. Calhoun's resignation to Martin Van Buren's inauguration
Total vacant time in the Vice-Presidency as of April 30, 2017:
37 years, 301 days
(16.6% of the time since April 30, 1789. To find out why the inauguration wasn't held until April 30, see Answer #8 of our 24 Devilishly Difficult Questions About Presidential History
Total vacant time in the Vice-Presidency before passage of 25th Amendment:
37 years, 112 days
(21% of the time April 30, 1789 - Feb. 10, 1967)
Total vacant time in the Vice-Presidency, April 20, 1812 - Jan. 20, 1965:
37 years, 112 days
(24% of the time)
Total vacant time in the Vice-Presidency, April 4, 1841 - March 4, 1905:
27 years, 31 days
(42% of the time)
Total vacant time in the Vice-Presidency, April 4, 1841 - March 4, 1889:
22 years, 122 days
(47% of the time)
Longest time without a vacancy in the Vice-Presidency:
42 years, 132 days and running, as of April 30, 2017.
Dec. 19, 1974 - now
Since Nelson Rockefeller's swearing-in
Longest previous time without a vacancy in the Vice-Presidency:
22 years, 356 days
April 30, 1789 - April 20, 1812
John Adams' inauguration to George Clinton's death
Longest time between two vacancies in the Vice-Presidency:
20 years, 39 days
March 4, 1925 - April 12, 1945
Charles G. Dawes' inauguration to Harry Truman's succession
Shortest time between vacancies in the Vice-Presidency:
45 days
March 4 - April 18, 1853
William R. King's inauguration to his death: third shortest term as Vice-President (after John Tyler's 31 days and Andrew Johnson's 42 days before their respective successions to the presidency)
4 Presidents were assassinated:
1865 Lincoln 1881 Garfield
1901 McKinley
1963 Kennedy
All were in the period 1865-1963, 99 years of the 228-year history.
0 Vice-Presidents were assassinated.
1 sitting Vice-President killed someone: 1804 Aaron Burr
2 sitting Vice-Presidents shot someone: 1804 Aaron Burr
2006 Dick Cheney
* To learn why the inauguration wasn't held until April 30, see Answer #8 of our 24 Devilishly Difficult Questions About Presidential History
© 2007, 2013, 2017
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Randy Alfred is a retired copy editor (Wired, Sidewalk.com) and news writer (TechTV, KRON-TV) as well as editor of MAD SCIENCE: Einstein's Fridge, Dewar's Flask, Mach's Speed, and 362 Other Inventions and Discoveries That Made Our World. His work has also appeared in Sports Illustrated, Might, Washingtonian, San Francisco Chronicle and elsewhere. He's also a member of The Lunch Guys.
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